Electrical condenser.



R. F. D. DU RDUSSET & C. E, BRANDT.

ELECTfiiCAL CONDENSER.

APPLICATION HLED JUNE 19, 1914;

1 ,292, 5 89 Patented Jan. 28, 1919.

WIT-HE sass E7551 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RENE FELICIEN DARMEZIN DU ROUSSE'I. AND CHARLES EMILE BRANDT, F PARIS, FRAJQ'GIEL ELECTRICAL CONDENSER.

Application filed June 19, 1914. Serial No. 846,158.

} To all whom wit/may concern:

Be it known that W8,"RENE FELICIEN Dem MFZIN .DU Roussn'r and CHARLES EMILE BRANDT, citizens of theRepublic of France,

residing at Paris, in the Republic of France, have invented certain new and useful Im- 'provements in and-Relating to Electrical Condensers, of which the following is a specification.

It is well known that in electrical condensers formed of flatconducting surfaces separated by a di-electric, the charge is unequally distributed from the center to the edges, its density. being greater toward the periphery where the. ruptures. are always produced. This applies for all the parallel surfaces.

The object of this invention isto provide a condenser of an improved type which overcomes .tliis..defect. In the preferred form it localizes the maximum tension at the central point of the system and also increases the capacity for a given diameter.

This condenser is substantially characterized by the use of conducting surfaces, which are either spherical or regularly or undulatorily curved.

It is evident that for a similar diameter these parts have a slightly larger surface than flat plates and hence a larger capacity. Further, the equi-potential lines of a spherical surface are exactly concentric with it, and if the simple case be considered of two conducting surfaces having their convex faces opposite each other, there will be a bending of the lines toward the axis of the centers and not toward the edges, and the point of maximum tension will be between these two surfaces and on this axis, and the tension will go on lessening from this point in a plane at right angles to the axis.

The discharges at the edges will tend to disappear.

It will be seen that in view of the form of the surfaces the thickening of the dielectric does not come in question and the phenomena are almost exactly the reverse to those of fiat condensers. Indeed an increase in the electro-static pressure from the edges to the center is produced.

It is possible to find dimensions, for the radius of curvature and for the diameters of (the surfaces of the condenser such that the break down point may take place anywhere.

The charge may be distributed as desired over'the condensing surfaces by employing --as di-electric homogeneous or other insulating materials, solid, liquid and gaseous, the form and nature of which vary from the center to the edges.

Any method of assembling the surfaces thus formed may be adopted, the invention relating principally to the use of such ele ments having a spherical or regular or other curved surface.

Now referring to the drawings which illustrate as examples two preferred forms of construction.

Figure 1 shows an elevation of one form of construction, while Fig. 2 shows a corresponding plan,

Fig. 3 shows a sectional elevation of a second form and Fig. 4 a corresponding plan view.

In the first (Figs. 1 and 2), the elements A. are held by their edges themselves or by suitably arranged clips in the intervals of the teeth B of bars or plates C.

The connections of the plates C are made in any suitable way according to the method of mounting employed. D are insulating blocks which support the system.

In the second system (Figs. 3 and 4) the elements are formed with convex metallic surfaces S opposed to the di-electric L which takes the form of a bi-concave lens. Suitably shaped plates P of conducting material are placed between the junctions of the edges of these lenses and serve as connections. The whole is held between the insulating bars T.

We declare that what we claim is 1. A condenser comprising pairs of conducting members separated by dielectric parts, the distance between the two surfaces of a conducting element at any point being inversely proportional to the thickness of the dielectric along the same line.

2. A condenser comprising pairs of conducting members separated by dielectric parts, the distance between the two surfaces of a conducting element at any point being inversely proportional to the thickness of the dielectric along the same line, the bounding surface of the conducting members and the dielectric parts being curved.

3. A condenser comprising pairs of conducting members separated by dielectric parts, the distance between the two surfaces of a conducting element at any point being inversely proportional to the thickness of the dielectric along the same line, the boundary surface of the conducting members of the dielectric parts being spherical.

4. A condenser comprising pairs of conducting members, dielectric parts separating the said conducting members, the distance between the two surfaces of a conducting element at any point being inversely proportional to the thickness of the dielectric along the same line, the surfaces of the said members and the said dielectric parts being spherical.

5. A condenser comprising conducting members having curved surfaces and dielectric spaces between said members, any two neighboring members being arranged with their curved surfaces asymmetrical.

6. A condenser comprising conducting members having convex outer surfaces and dielectric spaces between said members, any two nei hboring members being arranged with their curved surfaces asymmetrical.

7. A condenser comprising double convex conducting members and dielectric parts between said members.

8. A condenser comprising double convex conducting members and double concave dielectric parts between said members.

9. A condenser comprising double convex conducting members and double concave dielectric parts between said members, the radii of opposite surfaces of any conducting member being equal.

10. A condenser comprising double convex conducting members and double concave dielectric parts between said members, and a frame holding the conducting members at their edges only.

11. A condenser comprising double convex conducting members, and dielectric parts between said members, and prismatic sectioned peripheral extensions to said dielectric parts.

12. A condenser comprising double convex conducting members, double concave dielectric parts between said members, and prismatic sectioned peripheral extensions to said dielectric parts.

In witness whereof .we have hereunto signed our names this 5th day of June, 1914, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

RENE FELICIEN DARMEZIN DU nonssrr. CHARLES EMILE BRANDT.

Witnesses:

ANTONIN MONTEILHET, HANSON C. Ooxn.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner 0! Patents, Washington, D. 0. 

